DCM Paint stripping incidents
| DCM Paint stripping incidents | |||||||||||
Incidents with Dichlormethane DCM paint stripping has long been a matter of concern to institutions and organizations involved with occupational safety. Up until 2002, the common (yet mistaken) belief was that although this form of paint stripping was considered dangerous, there had not been many severe accidents. In fact, it was only the fatal accident of a decorator in London, on 5 April 2002, which raised concern and created the desire to gain a better understanding of incidents involving DCM. In the meantime, several work safety groups have started research, and, in the shortest of time, have been able to compile a longer list of recorded incidents than many had previously expected. Below you will find an overview of incidents involving dichloromethane in paint removers, cleaning products or other applications, as well as further studies and summaries relevant to this subject. Please note that whilst the below table should not be considered complete, it lists those incidents relating to the use of dichloromethane in paint strippers which we are aware of, and where there is documented, accessible evidence of their occurrence. The intention of this table is to counter-balance what EASCR considers to be misleading statements presented in the media which not only describe paint stripping with dichloromethane as safe, but give the impression that simple protection (although not specified) would be sufficient to avoid potentially dangerous side effects. Its purpose, as with most activities conducted by EASCR, is to stimulate open debate on the safe use of paint strippers (both commercially and domestically) by raising awareness for issues often neglected through insufficient representation in the appropriate forums. We believe that by accepting the existence of such incidents, that all parties will be able to earn from experience, and cooperate in creating a safer work environment for those employed in the coating removal business. Help us to reveal more! We believe there must be more incidents which remain unrecorded, and that the list below does not fully reflect the danger of working with DCM. You, as visitor to this site, and therefore hopefully also a supporter of our position. Contact us here |
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For incidents with dichloromethane paint strippers |
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256 |
Last updated January 15, 2008 |
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506 |
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1935 |
2 |
UK |
Collier, H.: Methylene Dichloride Intoxination in Industry - A report of two cases; Lancet 1; 594-595 (1936) | |
1959 |
1 |
USA |
Craig S. O'Connell - 1985 / www.trainweb.org/crocon/okie.html |
|
1960 |
1 |
1 |
UK |
Gerritsen, Buschmann - Phosgene poisoning caused be DCM paint strippers, Brit.J.industr.Med. 1960, 17, 187 |
1976 |
1 |
USA |
Stewart R.D.,paint remover hazard. JAMA, 1976,235 | |
4 |
USA |
US Consumer product safety commission, Jan 6, 1978 | ||
1 |
UK |
Roberts, Marshall, Br Med J 1976, 1, 20-21 - sucicide ingesting of Nitromors | ||
2 |
UK |
Langehenning, Seeler, Berman; N Engl J Med 1976; 295; 1137 | ||
1977 |
1 |
USA |
Bastos, Bonventre et al, J Anal Toxicol,1977, vol1, 158-160 / 2 cases | |
1978 |
1 |
UK |
Barowcliff D.F. - Chronic carbon monoxide poisoning caused by methylene chloride paint stripper - Med Sci Law 1978, Vol 18, No 4, p 238 | |
1980 |
1 |
UK |
Fagin et al, Br Med J, 1980, 281, 1461 | |
8 |
UK |
M.A.Bakinson, R.D. Jones: Gassings due to methylene chloride, xylene, toluene, and styrene reported to Her Majesty's Factory Inspectorate; Br.J.Ind.med., 42, 184 (1985). 33 incidents caused by DCM incl. 1 fatalities during 1961-1980; 8 in paint stripping, 12 in cleaning and 13 in manufacturing | ||
1981 |
1 |
UK |
Memon, Davidson; Br Med J (Clin Res) 1981; 282; 1033-1034 - Nitromors case, 25 year-old used paint stripper in a confined space for 3-4 hours. | |
| 1983 | 1 |
USA |
Tariot PN; Dellirium resulting from methylene chloride exposure: Case report. J Clin Psychiatry 1983, 44:340-342 | |
1984 |
1 |
1 |
Japan |
Shinomiya T., Skinomi K. (1985) Un cas de mort d'intoxication engendrée par le chlorure de méthylène à l'occasion de la pulvérisation dans un nouveau cargo.Acta Med Leg Soc (Liege) 35 (1), 135-156 |
1 |
UK |
The Daily Telegraph - UK - March 29, 1998 | ||
1 |
Germany |
Protocol of a DCM accident in Kassel-Germany 24.4.1985 | ||
1985 |
1 |
USA |
Novak et al, Appl Occup Environ Hyg, 1990, 5, 843 | |
1 |
Germany |
Bau-BG Hannover 12 June 1985 - TU Berlin accident protocol | ||
1 |
Germany |
Schiele, Württ. Bau-BG-Mitteilungen 4/85 | ||
1 |
Germany |
Protocol of a DCM accident in Fuldatal -Germany 19.4.1985 | ||
1 |
UK |
Miller, Pateras, Friederlei; "Acute tubular necrosis after inhalation exposure to methylene chloride", Arch. Intern Med 1985; 145; 145-146 | ||
1986 |
1 |
USA |
Buie, Pratt, May; Am J Med 1986; 81; 702-704 | |
2 |
USA |
ACGIH 1986. Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices. Fifth ed. American Conference of Governmental industrial Hygienists. Cincinnati, OH, 333. / DCM poisoning in painters who suffered from headache, giddiness, stupor, irritability, numbness and tingling in limbs. | ||
1987 |
1 |
USA |
Novak et al, Appl Occup Environ Hyg, 1990, 5, 843 | |
1988 |
2 |
2 |
USA |
Hall AK, Rumack BH, "Methylen Chloride Exposure in Furniture-Stripping Shops: Ventilation and Respirator Use Practices"; J. Occup. Med, 32 (1), 33-41 (1990) -> describes cases between 1984-1988 |
2 |
Germany |
Briot, Südwestliche Bau-BG 4/89 | ||
1 |
1 |
Canada |
CCOHS fatality reports, Canada http://ncsp.tamu.edu/reports/CCOHS/Fatality%20Reports%202112.htm | |
1989 |
2 |
Germany |
Kreiszeitung Wesermarsch 5.4.1989 | |
1 |
Germany |
Bohn, G., Telge K., Commun. IX. Symposium "Forensische Toxikologie" (Bad Doberan 1989) Universität Rostock, Abt. Wiss. Publizistik 9-13 (1990) | ||
1 |
France |
Weber et al, Intoxication par immersion dans une cuve a decapage, J Toxicol Clin Exp 1989 (9) No 5, p 355-8 +Weber et al, Arch Mal Prof, 1990, 51, 103 | ||
1 |
UK |
Sheffield "STAR" - 11th January 1989 | ||
| 1 | Switzerland |
Velvart, J., Toxkologie der Haushaltsprodukte; Toxikol. Info Zentrum 25-29, 364-365,(1989) | ||
2 |
USA |
Rioux, Myers - Hyperbaric Oxygen for methylene chloride poisoning: report on two cases - Ann.Emerg.Med 1989,Vol 18, No6, p 691 | ||
1990 |
2 |
3 |
USA |
Leikin et al, Am J Emerg Med, 1990,8,534 |
1 |
USA |
Shustermann et al, Methylene chloride intoxination - J Occup Med May;32(5):451-4 | ||
1 |
Germany |
E.Logemann, G. Van der Smissen, Intoxikation mit einem dichlormethanhaltigen Abbeizmittel, Arch. Kriminol. 188 (1991) 159-166 | ||
| 1 |
Germany |
German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-19 - E23 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
France | EPICEA (edition 2006) database from INRS - ident/case 00117 | ||
1991 |
2 |
1 |
USA |
Safety and Health 1991 http://www.navfac.navy.mil/safety/site/topics/methylene/abstract.htm |
1992 |
1 |
Germany |
Protocol of a DCM fatality in Minden -Germany 31.7.1992 | |
1 |
USA |
Snyder et al, pulmonary toxicity following exposure to methylene chloride and its combustion product phosgene, CHEST 1992, vol 101, No3, p860 | ||
| 1 | Germany |
German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-19 - E23 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1993 |
1 |
USA |
US Department of Health and Human Services. Methylene chloride toxicity. Agency for toxic substances and disease registry. Am Fam Physician 1993, 47;1159-66 | |
1 |
UK |
N.J. Hughes & J.A. Tracey, A case of Nitromors poisoning, effects on carboxyhaemoglobin levels, Human & Expermental Toxicology (1993), 12 , 159-160 - Nitromors | ||
1 |
1 |
France |
EPICEA (edition 2006) database from INRS - ident/case 04416 | |
| 1 | Germany | German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-19 - E23 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
| 12 | Sweden |
Anundi H, Lindl ML, Friis L, Itkes N, Langworth S, Edling C (1993). High exposures to organic solvents among graffity removers. Int.Arch.Occup.Environ.Hlth., 65 (4):247-251 / High exposure to organic solvents, mainly DCM, among twelve 18- to 36-year-old graffiti removers with a median age of 23 years working during daytime in undreground stations in Sweden. The observed effects consisted primarely of irritative effects in upper respiratory tract and the eyes. | ||
1994 |
1 |
Singapore |
Tay, Singapore Med J, 1995, 36, 444 | |
1995 |
1 |
Korea |
Kim et al, J Forensic Sci, 1996, 41,527 | |
1 |
France |
EPICEA (edition 2006) database from INRS - ident/case 06270 | ||
1996 |
1 |
USA |
Quarterly Review http://www.hrva.com/pgcasualty/96sprqr.htm#product | |
| 2 | USA |
Fairfax R, McDonald W, Olmedo M (1996). OSHA Compliance Issues: Accidental deaths following inhalation of methylene chloride. Appl. Occup.Environ.Hyg., 11 (1):17-19. January / Died while removing the surface finish of wood floors of a squash court using a stripper containing 80% DCM with paraffin and toluene. | ||
| 1 | Germany |
GIZ-Nord Poison Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-18 - E23 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1997 |
1 |
France |
Goullé et al, J Anal Toxicol, 1999, 23, 380-383 | |
2 |
France |
Gouillou et al, Rean Urg, 1998, 7, 105 | ||
1 |
France |
EPICEA (edition 2006) database from INRS - ident/case 08613 | ||
1 |
France |
EPICEA (edition 2006) database from INRS - ident/case 09208 | ||
6 |
France |
Angers Poison Centre (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E15 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
| 18 | France |
Angers Poison Centre (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E15 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Germany |
Bau-BG Hannover - accident protocol 11 August 1997 (mentioned in Reinecke, sicher bauen 1/1999, case 3) | ||
1 |
Germany |
Reinecke, sicher bauen 1/1999 (case 2 happened 1997) | ||
2 |
Germany |
GIZ-Nord Poison Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-18 - E23 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
| 2 | UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
3 |
UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
USA |
OSHA-report / http://www.osha.gov/pls/imis/accidentsearch.accident_detail?id=170740005 | ||
1998 |
1 |
Germany |
Bau-BG Hannover - Protocol of a DCM fatality in Oldenburg -Germany 29.10.1998 (incl in Reinecke, sicher bauen 1/1999, case 1) | |
1 |
Germany |
GIZ-Nord Poison Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-18 - E23 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
6 |
France |
Angers Poison Centre (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E15 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
| 12 | France |
Angers Poison Centre (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E15 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
4 |
Spain |
Spanish National Inst.of Toxicology & Barcelona Poison Control Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-33 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
9 |
Spain |
Spanish National Inst.of Toxicology & Barcelona Poison Control Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-33 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
5 |
UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
|
1999
|
6 |
UK |
The Mirror, 21/12/1999 | |
2 |
UK |
Croner Smaller Business Briefing, Issue No. 31, 1999 | ||
| 7 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
| 16 | France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
4 |
Ireland |
Irish health and Safety Authority, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.11, page E-24 - E27 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
3 |
UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
4 |
UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Germany |
Protocol of a DCM accident in Frankfurt -Germany 8.11.1999 | ||
2000 |
1 |
Spain |
Zarrabeitia et al, J. Forensic Sci, 2001, 46, 726-727 |
1 |
Germany |
Fechner et al, 2001, Forensic Sci Int, 2001, 122, 69 | ||
15 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
34 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
7 |
Ireland |
Irish health and Safety Authority, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.11, page E-24 - E27 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Ireland |
Irish health and Safety Authority, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.11, page E-24 - E27 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
3 |
Switzerland |
SUVA, Swiss Compulsory Insurance Company, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-35 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | |
2 |
UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
8 |
USA |
Occupational hazards-10.10.2002 http://occupationalhazards.com/articles/2491 | ||
| 1 | Canada |
Environment Canada March 20, 2002 - Company fined for killing birds with DCM stripper in 2000, http://www.ns.ec.gc.ca/press/02-03-20_e.html | ||
2001 |
17 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | |
38 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
14 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
France |
Boudeaux Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E17, http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
4 |
Ireland |
Irish health and Safety Authority, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.11, page E-24 - E27 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Italy |
Bergamo Poison Control Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.12, page E-28 - E30 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
21 |
UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
48 |
UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
2002 |
1 |
12 |
UK |
BBC-April 5, 2002 |
1 |
France |
Testud F., Arch.mal.prof.2002,63,no5,382-387 | ||
15 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
France |
Boudeaux Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E17 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Ireland |
Irish health and Safety Authority, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.11, page E-24 - E27 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
France |
Boudeaux Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E17, http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Ireland |
Irish health and Safety Authority, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.11, page E-24 - E27 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Italy |
Bergamo Poison Control Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.12, page E-28 - E30 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
2 |
UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
UK |
British Poison Centres and Databases ROSPA/SWORD/OPRA, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-36 - E40 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Germany |
A.Hahn, et al. - Ärztliche Mitteilungen bei Vergiftungen nach §16e Chemikaliengesetz 2002 | ||
1 |
3 |
Australia |
Occupat.Health News, Issue514,May15,2002; | |
1 |
Australia |
Occupat.Health News, Issue515,May29,2002 | ||
1 |
Australia |
Occupat.Health News, Issue529,Dec11,2002 | ||
2003 |
2 |
Australia |
NICNAS Release Alert on Methylene Chloride in 2003, 6 July 2004 | |
1 |
USA |
Newsletter of the Los Angeles County Fire Department Health Hazardous Materials Division, August 2004; Illegal Toxic Discharge Nearly Kills Worker by Paul Biren; http://www.lacofd.org/HHMD/HHMD_NLTr/PDFs/Web.Aug2004.pdf | ||
1 |
Finland |
Finnish Poison Information Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-5, table E1.1 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Finland |
Finnish Poison Information Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-5, table E1.1 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
18 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
41 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Italy |
Bergamo Poison Control Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.12, page E-28 - E30 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Italy |
Bergamo Poison Control Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.12, page E-28 - E30 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Slovenia |
Slovenian National Chemicals Bureau, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E33 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
2004 |
2 |
Germany |
accidents report industry insurance Rheinland Westfalen 2.6.2004 | |
1 |
Germany |
accident report Industry insurance Hamburg 8.3.2004 | ||
1 |
Italy |
Bergamo Poison Control Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.12, page E-28 - E30 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Finland |
Finnish Poison Information Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-5, table E1.1 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
4 |
Finland |
Finnish Poison Information Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-5, table E1.1 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
18 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
42 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
2005 |
1 |
Germany |
Protocol of a DCM accident in Berlin -Germany 19.5.2005 | |
1 |
Israel |
Case report: Facial nerve palsy after acute exposure to DCM; Bar Dayan et al. Am.J.Ind.Med. 48:389-392, 2005; http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/112137404/ABSTRACT?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0. | ||
1 |
Finland |
Finnish Poison Information Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-5, table E1.1 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
4 |
Finland |
Finnish Poison Information Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-5, table E1.1 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
15 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
35 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
6 |
Germany |
Erfurt Poison Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", on page E-22 - E23 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Italy |
Bergamo Poison Control Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.12, page E-28 - E30 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
2006 |
1 |
Germany |
Protocol of a DCM accident at a dip tank in Hessonia, Germany - April 2006 | |
1 |
Germany |
GIZ-Nord Poison Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", Sydow et al on page E-23 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
4 |
UK |
Guardian Unlimited - 27.10.2006 / HSE investigation - 01.11.06 www.safetynews.co.uk - restorator dip tank | |
1 |
UK |
21-year-old died after inhaling deadly fumes at a Wolverhampton paint stripping firm. Coroner's Office confirmed DCM. http://www.expressandstar.co.uk/2006/09/30/paint-stripper-tragedy/ | ||
10 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
22 |
France |
Angers/Paris/Nancy Poison Centres CAPTV (France), Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", page E-7 - E17, table E1.5 based on 30% consumer incidents calculated from table E1.2 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
1 |
Italy |
Bergamo Poison Control Centre, Annexes of the RPA report for the EU Commission "Impact Ass. Of potential restrictions on DCM paint strippers", table E1.12, page E-28 - E30 http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/chemicals/studies_en.htm | ||
2007 |
1 |
France |
Intoxication professionnelle mortelle par le chlorure de méthylène (dichlorométhane), source: AtouteSante 24/1/2007 - dip tank fatality | |
6 |
UK |
Daily Post on 5 Dec 2007:" Danger chemical spray sees pupils rushed to hospital" http://www.dailypost.co.uk/news/north-wales-news/2007/12/05/danger-chemical-spray-sees-pupils-rushed-to-hospital-55578-20204041/ | ||
54 |
708 |
|
||
Cleaning |
||||
1977 |
1 |
USA |
Bastos, Bonventre et al, J Anal Toxicol,1977, vol1, 158-160 / 2 cases | |
12 |
UK |
M.A.Bakinson, R.D. Jones: Gassings due to methylene chloride, xylene, toluene, and styrene reported to Her Majesty's Factory Inspectorate; Br.J.Ind.med., 42, 184 (1985). 33 incidents caused by DCM incl. 1 fatalities during 1961-1980; 8 in paint stripping, 12 in cleaning and 13 in manufacturing | ||
1981 |
1 |
USA |
Winek et al, Forensic Sci Int, 1981, 18, 165-168 | |
1984 |
1 |
UK |
Wells et al, Br J Ind Med, 1984, 41, 420 | |
2 |
I |
Bernardini et al. - Accidental acute DCM intoxication and experimental assessment of exposure - Med. Lav., 1984, 75,2,133-138 | ||
1 |
UK |
Keogh AM, Ibels LS, Allen DH et al; Exacerbation of Goodpasture's syndrome after inadvertent exposure to hydrocarbon fumes; Br Med J 1984, 288:188 | ||
1989 |
1 |
USA |
Rudge, Military Med, 1990, 155, 570 | |
1990 |
1 |
Germany |
Schmidt, K., Raudonat, H.W., Toxichem+Krimtech 57 (2), 32-33 (1990) | |
1993 |
1 |
France |
EPICEA (edition 2006) database from INRS - ident/case 04415 | |
1 |
France |
EPICEA (edition 2006) database from INRS - ident/case 04910 | ||
1996 |
1 |
USA |
Mahmud M, Kales SN, Methylene chloride poisoning in a cabinet worker - Environ Health Perspect 1999 Sep;107(9):769-72 | |
2000 |
1 |
Japan |
Takeshita et al, Postmortem absorption of dichloromethane: a case study and animal experiments, Int. J. of Leg. Med; Vol 114, Numbers 1-2, December 2000 | |
4 |
20 |
|||
Other Applications |
||||
1952 |
1 |
3 |
USA |
Moskowitz,S.; Shapiro,H.; Fatal Exposure to Methylene Chloride Vapor. Arch.Ind.Hyg.Occup.Med. 6: 116-123 (1952) |
1967 |
1 |
4 |
Germany |
Klotzbücher, E. Vergiftungen durch Trinken von Dichlormethan. Dtsch. Gesd.-wes. 3, 52 (1946); Poisoning through drinking of DCM - described in Weiss G.; Toxische Enzephalose from 1967 |
1967 |
1 |
Germany |
Weiss G. Toxische Enzephalose beim beruflichen Umgang mit Methylenchlorid, Zentralbl Arbeitsmed 17:282-285, 1967 - Parma production | |
1 |
12 |
UK |
M.A.Bakinson, R.D. Jones: Gassings due to methylene chloride, xylene, toluene, and styrene reported to Her Majesty's Factory Inspectorate; Br.J.Ind.med., 42, 184 (1985). 33 incidents caused by DCM incl. 1 fatalities during 1961-1980; 8 in paint stripping, 12 in cleaning and 13 in manufacturing | |
1984 |
1 |
USA |
Horowitz BZ; Carboxyhemoglobinemia caused by inhalation of methylene chloride; Am J Emerg Med 4 (1), 48-51 (1986) | |
1 |
USA |
Law case from L. Landskroner & Associates - http://www.landskroner.com/Cases.shtml#work | ||
1985 |
1 |
UK |
Sturmann et al., Ann Emerg Med 1985; 14; 903-905 - sniffing | |
1989 |
2 |
Italy |
Manno et al, 1989 Lancet (29)No2, p274 + Hum Exp Toxicol, 1992, 11, 540 | |
1992 |
1 |
France |
EPICEA (edition 2006) database from INRS - ident/case 02971 | |
7 |
France |
EPICEA (edition 2006) database from INRS - ident/case 04776 | ||
1 |
France |
EPICEA (edition 2006) database from INRS - ident/case 05741 | ||
1999 |
1 |
5 |
Taiwan |
Chang et al, Diverse manifestations of oral methylene chloride poisoning: Report of 6 cases, J. Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1993 (37) No4, 497-504 |
2000 |
6 |
Germany |
German News WE.13.9.2000 - accident of DCM tank truck on highway | |
2002 |
1 |
France |
Raphael et al, Acute methylene chloride intoxication - a case report on domestic poisoning - Europ J Emerg Med, 2002, 9, 57-59 | |
4 |
UK |
BBC 28.11.2002 - Glue firm accident | ||
2006 |
Ireland |
Pharmceutical firm has been fined €150.000 for DCM emmissions. http://www.bionorthernireland.com/pooled/articles/BF_NEWSART?Q=BF_NEWSART_189556 |
||
8 |
46 |
|||
TOTAL |
66 |
774 |
2 |
|
Studies and Reviews |
||||
1964 |
R.D.Stewart, H.C.Dodd; Absorption of Carbon Tetrachloride, Trichloroethylene, Tetrachloroethylene, Methylene Chloride, and 1,1,1-Trichloroethane through the human skin; Am.Ind.Hyg.Assoc.J.,25,439(1964) | |||
1965 |
Ethel Browning, Toxicity and Metabolism of Industrial Solvents, 1965 Elsevier, printed in The Netherlands. | |||
1978 |
USA- Friedlaender,B.R.; Hearne T.; Hall S.: Epidemiologic Investigation of Employees Chrnically Exposed to Methylene Chloride; J. Occup. Med.: 657 - 666, 1978 | |||
1979 |
Putz, VR et al; A Comparative study of the effects of carbon monoxide and methhylene chloride on human performance, Environ.Pathol.Toxicol 2 (5):97-112 (1979) *Peer Reviewed* | |||
1981 |
Mackison, Stricoff, Partirdge – NIOSH OSHA – Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publ. No.81-123 (3 Vols) Washington, DC: U.S. Gov printing Office Jan. 1981. 2 | |||
1982 |
USEPA; Health Assessment Document: Dichloromethane p.5-9 (1982) EPA-600/8-82-004**Peer Reviewed* | |||
1983 |
USA- Ott E.G., Skory L.K., Holder B.B., Bronson B.S., Williams P.R.; Health evaluation of employees occupationally exposed to methylene chloride; Scand. J. Work. Environ. Helath 9 (Suppl. 1): 1-38 (1983) | |||
1985 |
M.A.Bakinson, R.D. Jones: Gassings due to methylene chloride, xylene, toluene, and styrene reported to Her Majesty's Factory Inspectorate; Br.J.Ind.med., 42, 184 (1985). 33 incidents caused by DCM incl. 1 fatalities during 1961-1980; 8 in paint stripping, 12 in cleaning and 13 in manufacturing | |||
1988 |
J.P.Rioux, R.A.M.Myers; Methylene Chloride Poisonning: A paradigmatic review; The Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol. 6. Pp. 227-238, 1988 | |||
1990 |
F.T. Hearne, J.W.Pifer, F.Grose; Absense of Adverse Mortality Effects in workers exposed to methylene chloride: an update; J. Occup Med, 1990, 32, 234-240 | |||
1991 |
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Treshold limit values and biological exposure indices. 6th ed. Volumes I,II,III. Cincinnati, OH:ACGIH, 1991. 984 | |||
1991 |
C.McCammon, R.Glaser, V.Wells, F.Phipps, W.Halperin; Exposure of workers engaged in furniture stripping to methylene chloride as determined by environmental and biological monitoring; Appl Occup. Environ. Hyg. 6(5), May 1991, 371-379 | |||
1992 |
Sullivan, J.B.Jr; G.R.Krieger; Hazardous Materials Toxicology-Clinical Principles of Environmental Health. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins, 1992. p732-747 | |||
1993 |
R.Vincent, P.Poirot, I.Subra, B.Rieger, A.Cicolella; Occupational exposure to organic solvents during paint stripping and painting operations in the aeronautical industry; Int. Arch.Occup.Environ.Health (1994) 65;377-380 | |||
1993 |
Clayton, G.D., F.E. Clayton (eds.) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volumes 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1993-1994. 4034-4045 | |||
1994 |
R.Vincent, P.Poirot, I.Subra, B.Carton, B. Jeandel; Exposition professionelle au dichlorométhane; CND, 1994, 155, 157-167 | |||
1997 |
J.A.Tomenson, S.M.Bonner, C.G.Heijne,D.G.Farrar,T.F.Cummings; Mortality of workers exposed to methylene chloride employed at a plant producing cellulose triacetate flm base; Occupational Environmental Medicine 1997; 54, 470-476 | |||
1999 |
L.D.Dell, K.A.Mundt, M.McDonald,J.P.Tritschler II, D.J.Mundt; Critical review of the epidemiology literature on the potential cancer risk of methylene chloride; Int Arch Occup Environ Health (1999) 72; 429-442 | |||
1999 |
R.Vincent, T.Kauppinen, J.Toikkanen, D.Pedersen, R.Young, M.Kogevinas; CAREX, système international d'information sur L'exposition professionnelle aux agents cancérogène en Europe; CND 1999, 176, 49-58 | |||
1999 |
Tucker A, Simons L.Ph; DCM: Advantages and drawbacks of possible market restrictions in the EU - TNO-STB report for DGIII of the European Commission, Brussels, Belgium in Nov 1999 | |||
2000 |
G.W.Kunsman, C.L.Presses, P.Rodriguez; Carbon monoxide stability in stored postmortem blood samples; J Anal Tox, Vol. 24, Oktober 2000, 572-578 | |||
| OEHHA (2000) Public Health Goal for Dichloromethane (Methylene Chloride, DCM) in Drinking Water, prepared by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environemental Protection Agency, Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Section; www.oehha.ca.gov/water/phg/pdf/dcm.pdf | ||||
2003 |
R. Ruel, Risikofall Abbeizer; Farbe & Lack (109), 6.2003, 65 -74 This article summerizes all fatality cases of this table with status of beginning 2003. | |||